For the longest time, India has been seen as a homogenous country. It’s not just politically, but also in the social and cultural sense. However, this is changing with the influx of people from diverse nation.
India is one of the most diverse countries in the world with more than 200 major languages and dialects being spoken and understood in the country. Despite this, there is no specific pattern of language known as ‘India Languages’. Most of these varied languages are much older than the Indo-European languages.
Introduction
Indian society is the most influential example of a culturally diverse society, which is reflected in different religions, languages, eating habits, customs, dress, festivals, beliefs, etc. Although it was attacked by the Mughals, the British, etc., it is known as the oldest surviving civilization. Although it was attacked by the Mughals, the British, etc., it is known as the oldest surviving civilization.
The values of tolerance, mutual respect, dissatisfaction and discussion have been a constant in Indian society.
Geographical diversity
India has deserts, evergreen forests, Himalayan mountains, a long coastline and fertile plains with many different geographical features. The climate varies from extreme heat in the plains to the hottest places, while colder climates reach freezing point in the Himalayas.
The plains are considered one of the most fertile areas in the world, while other areas, such as the desert, have high yields. India is highly dependent on the monsoon and rainfall varies from country to country.
Some places in the Western Ghats and in the Northeast receive a lot of rainfall, while places like Sindh and Rajasthan receive much less rainfall.
Land of spirituality and philosophy
India is home to four major world religions such as Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism. Moreover, the open nature of Indian society also follows the religions of Islam, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, etc., which still form a large part of our population.
Since the beginning of our civilization, i.e. since the Vedic and the post-Vedic era, there have been Vedic and non-Vedic concepts.
Castle diversity
Although they are the main caste in Hindu society, they have also become important components of other communities such as Islam, Christianity, etc. Traditionally, in the Hindu religion there are four varnas, namely Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras, and various main and sub-caste levels at lower levels.
However, all castes have their own rules regarding different professions, rituals, marriages, food, etc.
Language diversity
According to the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, 22 languages are recognized. However, according to the linguistic survey of India, there are 780 languages and 86 scripts in the country. In the context of India, it is often said that the language is different for the four miles.
Family diversity
The family is the most important institution in Indian society. But character and family conflicts are also of great importance to the country. The patriarchal form is found in most families in North India, while in the southern regions the matriarchal form is found in the tribes.
In India, there is a separate joint family system. But today, the nature of the family system has changed: we have moved from the single-family system to cohabiting families, single-parent families, etc.
Completion:
Respect for diversity and the development of a national identity should be the goal of Indian society. Indian society is synonymous with diversity. A wide variety of natural features, religious beliefs and cultural patterns are represented.
Despite the challenges that diversity poses to the continuity of Indian society and the important role that socio-cultural diversity plays for development, there is no doubt.
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